What is a common side effect of high-dose opioids?

High-dose opioids are well-known for causing constipation, which is one of the most common side effects associated with their use. This effect occurs because opioids bind to receptors in the gastrointestinal tract, significantly reducing gastrointestinal motility and leading to slower transit of stool through the intestines. As a result, patients may experience difficulty in bowel movements, which can sometimes become severe, potentially requiring interventions such as laxatives or stool softeners.

While hyperventilation can occur with certain substances, opioids typically cause respiratory depression, leading to slower breathing rather than an increase in respiratory rate. Aggressive behavior is not typically a side effect associated with opioids; rather, these medications are known to have calming effects. Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that can occur with any drug but is rare with opioids and not considered a common side effect of high-dose use. Therefore, constipation stands out as a significant and expected side effect in patients receiving high-dose opioid therapy.